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Son 14 The History of the Orchestra and the Success of “A Bayamo en Coche”

The Son 14 orchestra was founded in Santiago de Cuba in 1977 by vocalist Eduardo “El Tiburón” Morales (born in Cuba in 1935) and pianist and musical director Adalberto Álvarez.

As the name suggests, it is a 14-member ensemble dedicated to performing son, the national musical genre of Cuba. In 1978, Lázaro Rosabal (born in Santiago de Cuba in 1953) joined the group.

They quickly recorded several albums for the local EGREM label, many of which became bestsellers throughout Latin America, allowing them to undertake extensive tours across the Americas and Europe.

In 1992, co-founder Álvarez left the band to form his own group. Nevertheless, Son 14 continued its journey under the musical direction of Rosabal.

In addition to their continued success in the Latin market, the band began to gain international recognition, first with the song “El Son De La Madrugada,” included on the compilation Cuba – Fully Charged (Earthworks Records, 1993), and later with the release of Son – The BIG SOUND (Tumi Records, 1995), a compilation of their material from the Álvarez era.

After introducing a modern, vibrant version of son and its variations (son montuno, bolero son, etc.) to non-Latin audiences, Tumi Records commissioned a new recording at Cuba’s EGREM studios. Released in 1996 as part of the Cuba Explosion series, the album Cubanía proved that the band had not lost an ounce of its musical talent and energy under Rosabal’s direction. Three years later, the group released La Máquina Musical, which incorporated Colombian tropical rhythms into their sound, promoting the album with a European tour that included a performance at the Cuba Presente Festival at the Barbican Centre in London. (Source: AllMusic)

The Milestone of “A Bayamo en Coche”

The album A Bayamo en Coche (A Bayamo by Carriage) was released in 1979, with its biggest hit being the title track itself. The album’s opening song, composed and arranged by Adalberto Álvarez from Camagüey, instantly transformed him into one of the leading figures in popular Cuban dance music from that year on.

The song “A Bayamo en coche” not only revives traditional son and enriches it with new sounds but also artistically recreates a cherished tradition rooted in Bayamo, the cradle of Cuban nationality. In this city, coches (horse-drawn carriages) are used for pleasure rides and recreation, and the song’s lyrics narrate these moments.

The album contained other tracks that were hugely popular in Cuba between 1978 and 1980, such as “Calle Enramada” (a son elegy to that main Santiago street), “El Son De La Madrugada” (with a beautiful later version by Omara Portuondo), “Se quema la trocha,” and “Elena la cumbanchera,” which turned the record into a landmark within this genre of Cuban music. Most of the tracks were performed by Tiburón Morales, the group’s lead vocalist.

Tribute to The Gentleman of Son

Recently, Son 14 founder Adalberto Álvarez, known as “El Caballero del Son” (The Gentleman of Son), was honored with a concert at the Karl Marx Theatre. This event celebrated his 46 years in music and the 35th anniversary of his later orchestra, Adalberto Álvarez y su Son.

The concert was a memorable tribute to the work of the composer of “A Bayamo en coche.” Some of his best songs were performed by notable Cuban musicians:

Septeto Santiaguero (Son para un sonero)
Pancho Amat and Alain Pérez (Tu fiel trovador)
Alexander Abreu (Pura imagen)
Paulo F. G. (Fin de semana)

At other points, Frank Fernández performed a duet accompaniment with the voices of Adalberto Álvarez and Jorge Luis Rojas, “Rojitas,” on Santa Cecilia.

Additionally, Rojitas sang with Tania Pantoja (Vivir lo nuestro) and solo (Y qué tú quieres que te den). Robertón and Lele, vocalists from Van Van, performed Agua que cae del cielo, while the orchestra Adalberto Álvarez y su Son took on De Cuba pa’l mundo entero, Son de la madrugada, and Los caminos de Ifá.

En La Sala Show “El Saraito” Adalberto Álvarez (R.I.P) Fundador, Director. Arreglista y Pianista del Son 14 de Cuba, Dj. Augusto Felibertt y Vicente López

That night, Maestro José Luis Cortés highlighted Álvarez’s musical quality, focusing specifically on “A Bayamo en coche,” the song that, in 1979, announced the existence of a great artist to the public. Álvarez was capable of bringing son to Cuban art schools and has defended Cuban son with grace and artistry, all while staying true to the essence of one of the dance music genres that best represents Cuban identity. (Source: Joel del Río, Cibercuba)

“A Bayamo En Coche” Album Details (1980)

No.	Track	Genre	Composer
01.	A Bayamo En Coche	Son	Adalberto Álvarez
02.	El Son De La Madrugada	Son guaguancó	Adalberto Álvarez
03.	Se Fue Mi Amor Y No Lo Vi Partir	Bolero son	Adalberto Álvarez
04.	Calle Enramada	Son	Pedro Gómez
05.	Elena La Cumbanchera	Son	Gerardo Martínez
06.	Se Quema La Trocha	Bachata-Son	Adalberto Álvarez
07.	Tal Vez Vuelvas A Llamarme	Son montuno	Adalberto Álvarez
08.	Gimen Las Rosas Por Una Triste Ilusión	Bolero	Adalberto Álvarez
09.	Vamos, Háblame Ahora	Bachata-son	Adalberto Álvarez

Musicians who participated in the recording (1979):

Director, Acoustic Piano, Keyboards: Adalberto Álvarez
Vocals, Minor Percussion: Eduardo “El Tiburón” Morales, Héctor Wedderbron, Daniel Carmenates
Bass: Jorge Machado
Guitar: Efisio Barroso
Trumpet: Eduardo Sánchez, Guillermo Femández, José Fernández, Dagoberto Rodríguez
Trombone: Lázaro Rosabal
Tumbadora (Conga Drum): Ubaldo Canes
Bongó, Cowbell: Guillermo Viera

Recorded at: EGREM Studios (1979)

Collaborators:

L’Òstia Latin Jazz

Dj. Augusto Felibertt

Also Read: Luis Conte: The Cuban-American percussionist who fuses Cuban son with global music

Dámaso Pérez Prado and the Succession of the “Mambo King”

Dámaso Pérez Prado was a Cuban musician, composer, arranger, and orchestra conductor, known worldwide as the “Mambo King.”

On December 3, 1983, Pantaleón Pérez Prado, an excellent bass player and composer, passed away in Milan, Italy. He was born on December 27, 1926, in Matanzas, Cuba.

Pantaleón’s Beginnings and Career

Pantaleón followed in the footsteps of his famous older brother, Dámaso Pérez Prado. At age 18, he formed his first orchestra, which he left in 1950 to join Dámaso’s group as a double bassist, accompanying him for several years.

He also played for a short time in Havana with the Laito Castro Orchestra. In the mid-1950s, Pantaleón Pérez Prado went independent and traveled to Europe, where he led an orchestra of Cuban musicians. This group achieved great success performing the songs that Dámaso had popularized.

Dámaso Pérez Prado and the Succession of the King of Mambo

The Legal Dispute

In 1956, a dispute between Dámaso Pérez Prado and his younger brother, Pantaleón (1926–1983), led to an unusual legal conflict. Dámaso sued his brother for $500,000, accusing him of impersonation.

In Hispanic culture, it is common for children to receive both parents’ surnames. In this case, the brothers’ birth names were Dámaso Pérez Prado and Pantaleón Pérez Prado, respectively, with Pérez being the father’s surname and Prado the mother’s.

In Portugal, the song Pantaleón performed, “Mambo del Estudiante” (Student’s Mambo), became the “official anthem” of the University of Coimbra. He also succeeded in Spain, France, and Italy, where he was introduced as “Pérez Prado, Rey del Mambo” (King of Mambo), which produced intentional confusion with his brother Dámaso.

Dámaso initiated legal action that concluded with Pantaleón being prohibited from using the title “Mambo King,” while also being required to use his full name. Some suggest that, beyond the lawsuit, there was a tacit agreement between the two brothers, based on the fact that Dámaso visited Europe infrequently, focusing his activities in the Americas, while Pantaleón permanently settled in Milan.

Name Confusion and The Conflict’s Revival

Originally, RCA credited the recordings to Dámaso Pérez Prado. However, when his records began appearing in the US, the record company shortened his name to the more alliterative Pérez Prado. In 1955, Dámaso dropped his full name and legally changed it to Pérez Prado.

Around that time, Pantaleón, who played bass with his own group, appeared at the Alhambra theater in Paris under the name “Pérez Prado, el Rey del Mambo.” Pantaleón was subsequently restricted by court order from passing himself off as Pérez.

However, hostilities resumed when an angry French visitor called the Hollywood Palladium, where Pérez Prado was performing, and yelled at the management for featuring an “imposter,” claiming he had danced with the “real” Prado (actually Pantaleón) in Deauville a few weeks prior.

Dámaso Pérez Prado fue un músico, compositor, arreglista y director de orquesta cubano, conocido mundialmente como el Rey del Mambo.

The ensuing lawsuit effectively put Pantaleón out of commission, but the younger brother had a form of posthumous revenge. When Pantaleón died in 1983, a widely circulated obituary was headlined “Mambo King Dies in Milan,” leading many people to (erroneously) believe it was Dámaso who had passed away.

Pantaleón’s Career and Legacy

Pantaleón Pérez Prado performed in Greece and traveled to Iran at the invitation of the Shah himself and his wife, Princess Soraya. He remained active until shortly before his death in 1983.

Dámaso Pérez Prado’s Notable Hits

Dámaso Pérez Prado’s best-known songs include:

“Mambo No. 5”
“Qué rico el mambo” (also known as “Mambo Jambo”)
“Mambo No. 8”
“Cherry Pink and Apple Blossom White,” which was a number one hit in the United States.
“Patricia,” which was a worldwide hit and was included in Federico Fellini’s film La Dolce Vita.

Legacy: In addition to his recordings, Dámaso Pérez Prado participated as an actor and musician in several Mexican films. His music was key to the international popularization of the mambo, and his style remains influential in Latin music and jazz.

Collaboration:

Los Mejores Salseros del Mundo

Dj. Augusto Felibertt

Also Read: Israel “Cachao” López, a Cuban musician and composer, has been hailed as “the Inventor of Mambo

Raúl Eliza: from the army barracks to the stage and recording studios

It is increasingly common to find Puerto Rican artists who have had something to do with the United States Army, and our guest today is yet another example of how the music scene is not entirely separate from the military world. Bandleader and drummer Raúl Eliza has told us his fascinating story, focusing on his most important facets: military and art.

Puerto Rican bandleader and drummer Raúl Eliza playing live at Christmas

Adolescent musical tastes and the beginning of military life

In the 1980s, Raúl was a young resident of the Fairview neighborhood, located between the city of San Juan and Trujillo Alto, who was an obsessive fan of rock music. Of course, that was until he turned 19, when he enlisted in the U.S. Army in search of his purpose in life.

According to his own tale, his poor academic performance and lack of interest in other disciplines led him to join the navy, where he would love his profession shortly after. At first, he and a group of friends joined up to opt for a different alternative to the one they had, move forward from the stalemate, and be able to travel the world, but in his case, he ended up in love with this world.

In fact, a short time after entering military service, he was involved in the Gulf War, which consisted of the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait and its subsequent liberation by a US military coalition. During those days, Raúl realized that he was into something greater than himself and that the shallowing mindset with which he chose that life could turn into something bigger.

So, the then-soldier dedicated himself to doing his work as good as possible, bringing with it rewards like the opportunity to go to college, become an officer, receive medals, and much more.

Introduction to salsa

After three or four months of enlisting, he started to feel a wave of nostalgia for his country. He wanted to see his family and missed the music and food of his homeland. Then his sister sent him a package with two cassettes, one by Frankie Ruiz and the other by Eddie Santiago, which he says changed his life completely. He used to listen to them on old-fashioned players with headsets while cleaning the boat or doing the rest of his other assigned tasks.

Raúl Eliza in his uniform — Raúl Eliza in his service dress uniform

Subsequently, his brothers sent him cassettes by La Fania, Alex D’ Castro, Gilberto Santa Rosa, Cano Estremera, and many others. This made him reconnect with his roots and realize that he wanted a career in music at some point, which he would end up doing years later.

Raúl’s role as the United States representative for the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe

As the end of his military career approached, Raúl was designated as the United States representative for the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (military wing of NATO) during President Donald Trump’s first term.

This was a tough stage of his service, as the president had a lot of run-ins with other member countries due to the excessive economic and armament burden borne solely by the United States. For this reason, every time he made some sort of announcement about that, Raúl received thousand calls from representatives of other countries asking him for explanations. He had his own office and received orders directly from the Pentagon.

Thanks to his position, he had a lot of freedom, so he always played salsa music in the background, and when his officers got into his office, they laughed and danced along with the tunes Raúl was listening to at that moment. Everyone knew that when he was in charge, there was always salsa music playing in the room.

Raúl in front of a tank — Raúl Eliza in front of an army tank while on duty

The beginning of his musical career

Finally in 2018, Raúl retired from military service, but already in 2017, he was making arrangements to devote himself to music once his duty with the army had been fulfilled. Specifically, he was in talks with Puerto Rican artists who were sending him samples and demos based on original songs that he had previously sent them. He was also writing his own lyrics and taking bass lessons to get ready for the future.

Once in Puerto Rico in 2018, he released his first single with his orchestra Conciencia Clásica, which is so named because his music was intended to raise awareness to his fans on social issues such as war, the injury suffered by the civilian population during periods of armed conflict, post-traumatic stress in soldiers, and racism, to name a few.

Artists he has collaborated with

Throughout his short career, Raúl has been blessed to count on the support and collaboration of music greats like Andy Montañez, Willito Otero, Jerry Medina, Carlos Esteban Fonseca, Medina Carrión, among others. While it is true that they all had much to contribute to the Puerto Rican artist at the level of knowledge, Montañez wrote him a song he dedicated to his Dominican wife called “Quisquellana,” which he is enormously thankful for.

He also has songs with Choco Orta and those already mentioned above. Raúl came into contact with these figures thanks to his music producer Manolo Navarro, who was the guy who introduced them to the project and managed to get them to collaborate.

Conciencia Clásica's third album — Cover of Conciencia Clásica’s third album ”Conciencia Clásica 3”

Europe / December 2025

Karina Bernales present	December 2025	FESTIVALS
FRANCE		Rainbow Festival Nancy Dec 11 / 14 2025 Salle Des Fêtes de Gentilly 710 rue du Capitaine Guynemer Nancy, France 54100 From € 125
SLOVENIA		Afro Latin Village Winter Edition Dec 05 / 08 2025 Hotel & Wellness LifeClass Obala 33 Portoroz, Slovenia From € 160
New Year’s Eve celebration
AUSTRIA		NYE PARTY Dec 31, 2025 / Jan 1, 2026 JO & JOE Europaplatz 1/6 1150 Fünfhaus, Austria € 129
ITALY		CAPODANNO 2026 Dec 31, 2025 / Jan 1, 2026 Arca Social Club Via Degli Angeli 146, 175 Roma, Italy € 80

Directory of European nightclubs
CZECHIA
	La Macumba Štefánikova 230/7 150 00 Prague, Czech Republic
FRANCE
Canela Club Latino Paris 77 Rue du Faubourg du temple 75010 Paris, France	Cuba Compagnie Café 48 BD Beaumarchais 75011 Paris, France	Cubana Café 47 rue Vavin 75006 Paris, France
La Pachanga Officiel 8, rue vandamme 75014 Paris, France	La Peña Saint Germain 3 passage de la Petite Boucherie 75006 Paris, France	Le Balajo 9 rue de Lappe 75011 Paris, France
Pachamama PARIS 46 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine 75012 Paris, France	Salseroparis 9 Rue du Petit Pont, 75005 Paris, France
GERMANY
Cascadas Ferdinandstr. 12 20095 Hamburg-Mitte, Germany	Havanna Berlin Hauptstr. 30 10827 Berlin-Schöneberg, Germany	La Macumba – The Real Latin Club in Hamburgs Adenauerallee 3 20097 Hamburg, Germany
Latin Palace Changó Münchener Strasse 57 60329 Frankfurt, Germany	Soda Club Berlin Schönhauser Allee 36 10435 Berlin, Germany
MALTA
	Barrio Latino Malta Ghar il Lembi Street SLM1562 Sliema Central Region, Malta
POLAND
	Teatro Cubano Warsaw ul. Aleksandra Fredry 6 00-097 /> Warsaw, Poland
SPAIN
ACM CitY Carrer Can Pallarès 2, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08290 Barcelona, Spain	Antilla Barcelona C/ d’Aragó, 141 08015 Barcelona, Spain	Azúcar SalsaDisco Calle de Atocha, 107 28012 Madrid, Spain
Cuba Live Ramón y cajal número 2 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Spain	Discoteca El Son C. de la Victoria, 6 28012 Madrid, Spain	Discoteca Prisma C. de Alcalá, 192 28028 Madrid, Spain
El Edén Boliviano Carrer Gremi de Tintorers, 49A 07009 Palma, Illes Balears, Spain	Mojito Club Rosselló, 217 08008 Barcelona, Spain	Morena Barcelona calle 11 num.29 08860 Castelldefels, Spain

Qué Chimba Av. del Vallès, 117 08223 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain	Sala Olvido C/ Olvido 15 28026 Madrid, Spain	Seven Dance (Dio Club) Carrer del Perill 10 08012 Barcelona, Spain
	The Host C/ Ferraz nº 38 28008 Madrid, Spain +34 918 05 36 48
UNITED KINGDOM
Bar Salsa Soho 96 Charing Cross Rd WC2H 0JG London, UK	Bar Salsa Temple Victoria Embankment, Temple WC2R 2PH London, UK	JUJU’s Bar & Stage Ely’s Yard 15 Hanbury Street E1 6QR London, UK
Revolucion de Cuba Leeds 64-68 Call Lane LS1 6DT Leeds, UK	The LightHouse Bar & Club 62 Rivington Street EC2A 3AY London, UK

Ángel Luis Canales is a renowned Puerto Rican singer and composer known as “El Diferente” (The Different One) for his particular and irreverent style

Angel Canales was born on June 29, 1950, in Santurce, Puerto Rico.

During his childhood, around the age of 8 or 10, he moved with his family to New York City, where he lived in East Harlem (Upper Manhattan). Musical influences indicate that from a young age, he was strongly influenced by the music of Cortijo y su Combo and Ismael Rivera.

Before or concurrently with his musical career, he worked in the jewelry business; he was a messenger and later learned to cut and polish diamonds, a skill that allowed him to self-finance his musical career and pay high salaries to his musicians.

Ángel Luis Canales is a renowned Puerto Rican singer and songwriter known as El Diferente for his unique and irreverent style.

Musical Career

His Beginnings: He started as a timbalero in Ray Jay’s orchestra, where he debuted as a singer, replacing the lead vocalist.

His first album (1970), titled “Brujería,” was released in 1970 and recorded under the Alegre Records label, with musical direction by Mark Dimond. Hits from this production include “El Barrio,” “Yo No Tengo Pena,” and the title track.

Notable Hits: Among his most popular songs are: “Nostalgia,” “Sol de Mi Vida,” “Perico Macoña,” “Lejos de Ti,” “Hace Tiempo,” “El Cantante y la Orquesta,” “Sabor de los Rumberos Nuevos,” “Bomba Carambomba,” and his celebrated rendition of the bolero “Dos Gardenias.”

His Unique Style is recognized for its unorthodox approach and distinctive vocal timbre, which earned him the nickname “El Diferente” (The Different One).

He was a highly independent artist who self-financed his albums and founded his own record label, Celanac Records.

Tours and Retirement

International Tours: He toured internationally, visiting countries such as Panama (his first), Venezuela (where he performed at the Poliedro de Caracas in 1982), Colombia, and Peru. It is said that he never performed with his orchestra in his native Puerto Rico.

He retired in the late 1990s, deciding to leave the stage.

Currently, he is reportedly battling Parkinson’s disease, which has limited him and led him to choose silence and retirement, although he occasionally attends private events. He is currently 75 years old.

Àngel Luis Canales, y el pianista, compositor y arreglista Gilberto el pulpo Colòn

50 Years Since the Launch of “Sabor” (1975)

The Album: The album titled “Sabor” by Angel Canales was released under the Alegre Records label in 1975.

Only a boricua (Puerto Rican) who has been absent from their homeland knows what it’s like to be away from Puerto Rico when winter arrives in New York City. Or when you’re inside a taxi or walking the congested streets of the Bronx or the Latino barrio, and all you see around you are skyscrapers and more skyscrapers. The anxiety and sense of helplessness that overwhelm your spirit in the concrete jungle can only be calmed by memories.

50 years ago, on Monday, November 10, 1975, the unique voice of Puerto Rican singer Ángel Luis Canales consoled the thousands of boricuas oppressed by nostalgia with his composition “Lejos De Ti” (Far From You). It was a confession and affirmation of his Puerto Rican identity, in which he asserts that his love for his homeland will never die, even though he was raised in New York.

The song is a guaguancó with lyrics that evoke images of old San Juan, Villa Palmeras and its rich bomba heritage, Boca de Cangrejos, fried fritters on the grill, and the river that crosses through the old Ancón de Loíza Aldea, where his grandmother lived. “Lejos De Ti” remains the most remembered track from “Sabor,” an album produced by Joe Cain, recorded in late 1974, and released by Alegre Records on Monday, November 10, 1975.

Angle Canales Sabor 1975 Photography By Dominique

This album is considered one of the best salsa releases of the 1970s.

Canales’ Style: Canales favored a different style of interpreting Afro-Caribbean rhythms, combining elements from Héctor Lavoe, Ismael Rivera, Vicentico Valdés, and Paquito Pérez (the singer of the Orquesta Zodiac of Loíza). He extended the melodies with his nasal voice, challenging the poetry of the montunos, but going off-key and mispronouncing some words. His diction was far from perfect.

Production: The architect of Canales’ success was Colombian pianist Edy Martínez, who arranged seven of the eight tracks on this session, from cut #2 to #8. Due to a prior commitment with Mongo Santamaría’s band, he left his compatriot José Madrid in charge of the piano performance on this record.

Under Martínez’s direction, Canales embraced fame. “Sabor” was his second album between 1970 and 1971, he had recorded the “Brujería” session with pianist Mark Alexander “Markolino” Dimond, who founded Conjunto Sabor after spending several years with Willie Colón’s band.

Canales reappeared four years later with the Orquesta Sabor los Rumberos Nuevos with an arrangement by Louie Cruz. That same year, 1975, Larry Harlow produced Mark Dimond’s classic “Beethoven’s V” featuring vocalists Frankie Dante and Chivirico Dávila. “Sabor” was a huge hit.

Tours and Artistic Choices: The singer toured Europe, the United States, and South America, where Colombians, Panamanians, and Peruvians remember him fondly to this day, despite health issues forcing him to retire from the stage.

During the golden age of salsa, singers were expected to master all genres, and boleros were no exception. His vocalization on “La Hiedra” (a track written by Saverio Saratini and Vincenzo D’Acquisto) and “No Te Acostumbres” (a track belonging to Doris Aghian’s catalog) is notable for its theatricality, a trick Canales employed to mask the limitations of his voice.

Salsa dancers who thrive on piano, trombone, and percussion solos will be delighted with “Sabor Los Rumberos Nuevos,” “Sol De Mi Vida” (dedicated to his wife Brunilda), “El Cantante y La Orquesta,” and the hit “Hace Tiempo” (with its memorable chorus: ay, ay, ay, no me hagas padecer así – oh, oh, oh, don’t make me suffer like this).

Legacy: Before becoming a professional singer, Canales worked as a jeweler. A look at the covers of his first two albums is enough to conclude that he was a pioneer in the use of bling-bling in salsa. As a composer, Canales was a solid chronicler of barrio life. The story told in “Perico Macoña” is a good example: a man who smokes a joint and loses all self-control, insulting his own friends with his abrupt comments.

The re-issue of “Sabor” is a fitting tribute to the memory of the late Joe Cain.

Credits

Trombone: Juan Torres, Ricardo Montañez
Trumpet: Tom Malone
Baritone Saxophone, Flute: Emérito Benítez
Piano: José Madrid
Bass: Eddie Testo
Congas: Antonio Tapia
Timbales: Gadier Quiñones
Bongo: Aldemaro Luis Rivera
Producer: Joe Cain
Musical Director: Juan Torres
Recorded at: LE Studio NYC, December 1974
Engineer: Sandy Sina
Arrangements: Edy Martínez (except “Sabor Los Rumberos Nuevos” by Louie Cruz)

Torres, Montañez, Tapia, and Quiñones had previously collaborated with Canales on Markolino Dimond’s “Brujería” album.