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Search Results for: Orchestra

Steffen Kuehn and Christian Tumalan talk about their musical roots and orchestra

Preamble

This time, we are going to talk with German producer, arranger, composer and trumpet player Steffen Kuehn and Mexican bandleader, composer and musician Christian Tumalan. Both are at the head of the Pacific Mambo Orchestra and share the role of co-executive director of Pacific Mambo LLC and Pacific Mambo Records. Also, each has his own record label and separate musical achievements, but unify their skills to make the group they have in common one of the best in the United States.

Both expressed their points view about the orchestra, the work they do in it and what each one has done in music in general. These views reveal that quality, professionalism and adaptability are the main values on which the orchestra they lead is based.

Steffen Kuehn at the Tempo Latino Festival in France
Steffen Kuehn at the Tempo Latino Festival in France

A bit of Steffen’s story

The start of the conversation focused on the beginnings of Steffen Kuehn, who ackowledges having been a musician all his life, since he started playing the trumpet when he was just eight years old. He attended the University of North Texas to start his formal music education and learned to arrange music, compose and specialize more in the trumpet. He now focuses on is teaching trumpet, playing for the orchestra, arranging, selling music for television and movies, among other activities (all  have to do with music).

When we talk about his written publications, he mentioned a instruction book to help beginners to play the trumpet some years ago. Today, He is working on a second book and a new record production. What he has planned for Pacific Mambo is to make about 10 songs for its new album, of which two have already been made.

Christian’s musical background

Christian told us a bit about his musical training and confirmed that he studied piano for more than 10 years. He has also played piano since the age of 14 when he was in high school and started much more formal musical training at the age of 15. It can be said that he was already an expert at playing both instruments after a decade of much dedication and practice.

When asked about his roots in jazz, he commented to us that almost all jazz musicians have some training in classical music and direct access to technical elements with the instruments. His goal in learning about classical music was not to become a performer dedicated only to that style, but to gain as much knowledge as possible about music in general and to improve his piano skills.

Christian Tumalan plating the piano
Christian Tumalan plating the piano

How do you apply German and Mexican heritage to the music of the orchestra?

As for this interesting subject, both artists pointed out that polka music and Mexican banda music were very similar in terms of sounds and instrumentation used for both. In Steffen’s case, he was always very interested in going to the United States to learn and study about jazz, how and where it originated. He comments that, if he had wanted to study classical music, the best places would have been Germany, France and Italy, as many of its greatest exponents come from there.

Both Christian and I went to the root of how the jazz movement started, how it originated and developed over the years. However, I studied Latin music here in the United States and my Colombian roommate at the time explained to me a lot of things and introduced me to a lot of Latin rhythms I have ever heard before,” said Kuehn.

They both started to introduce jazz and this knowledge to the music of the orchestra. About this, Christian said that the mixture of rhythms was like ”a battle of entities” in which they were looking for what works and what does not work, since not everything can be mixed. ”What I usually do is combine my knowledge in classical music with my own Big Band arrangements,” Christian said.

”The fact that we have musicians from various countries in Europe and Latin America has helped us a lot to see different perspectives. Also, due to the number of musicians we are, we can play in different styles that other groups cannot” added Steffen.

Christian Tumalan and Steffen Kuehn during an interview with Jesse Chuy Varela
Christian Tumalan and Steffen Kuehn during an interview with Jesse Chuy Varela

Skills they look for in their musicians

Steffen pointed out that the first thing they look for in their musicians is the chemistry we can have with them. In this sense, he mentioned that he has met excellent musicians with whom he does not get along with at all, which makes the work environment very heavy. Therefore, he does not take them into consideration for the orchestra because, if there is no chemistry and an atmosphere of respect, everything else does not work.

Another thing that the performer considers important is the spirituality of music, which many times is not attained by all musicians. When a musician opens up to the spirituality of the music, that’s when the magic happens and the chemistry hits us. We are very fortunate to have so many musicians who share this feeling and have reached that point as we have,” he added.

How do you share roles in the orchestra?

Christian commented that both he and Steffen were very good in different areas separately. Steffen has a quite charismatic way of communicating with people and knows how to earn the respect of others very quickly, while I focus more on the technical and musical aspects of the group. I think that complements us very well”. He also said that the German was very good with information and details such as tours, hotels, flights, names, taxes, among other things.

When Steffen’s came to talk about his partner, he said that he knew a lot about everything to do with music technology, stage direction, tempos, editing, mixing, video, audio and many other things. He confesses that he is unable to do many of these things, so they are left to Christian.

Read also: Multi-Percussionist Carlos Navarro and his Son Y Clave Orchestra

Multi-Percussionist Carlos Navarro and his Son Y Clave Orchestra

Who is Carlos Navarro?

There have been many celebrities, orchestras, groups of all genres who played their part in the salsa cultural movement in the United States, but we cannot deny that bandleader Carlos Navarro and his Son Y Clave Orchestra played a very important role, since they achieved many goals in the Latin music scene in California, specifically in Los Angeles.

Carlos Navarro was a child of the couple formed by Rafael Navarro and Maria De Jesus Velasquez de Navarro, being at the same time the brother of Alexis Enrique (the famous singer Cherry Navarro), Manuel, Rene, Lelys and Audy. The whole family decided to move to Caracas, the parish of El Valle, where all the children continued their studies.

The first one to start an artistic career at a very young age was his older brother Alexis, who would later be known as Cherry Navarro in the artistic field. Carlos followed the same steps and also dedicates himself to music, but focused on salsa, mambo, merengue, and Latin jazz.

Producer, bandleader, percussionist and singer Carlos Navarro
Producer, bandleader, percussionist and singer Carlos Navarro

Las Versalles

In the early 80’s, specifically in 1983, the artist served as co-founder and percussionist in one of the first and most important orchestras in Los Angeles, California, with styles of Salsa, Guaguancó, Merengue, cha cha chá, and Latin Jazz.

This group was called Las Versalles and hired many musicians based in the same city. Here you can see some of the main members and their instruments, Güiro: Carlos Navarro and Jorge Luis Balmaseda, Vocalist, Piano, Arranger: Fito Foster, Vocalist, Guitar, Flute, and Arrangements: Niño Jesús, Bass: Geraldo Zuldo and Luis López, Trumpets: Carleton Smith and Robert Hernández, Trombo: Arturo Velazco, Violin: Gene Hugo, Congas: Humberto Hernández and José “Papo” Rodríguez, Timbales: Héctor Andrade and Edwin Rolland, Backing Vocals: Fitto Foster, Niño Jesús, Bobby Rivas, Jorge Luis Balmaseda and Bass in ‘’Cama Y Mesa’’: Cuco.

Famous singer Cherry Navarro, Carlos Navarro's brother
Famous singer Cherry Navarro, Carlos Navarro’s brother

Son Y Clave

In 1999, the producer, percussionist and singer founded the Son Y Clave Orchestra and became a very important group in the nightlife of Los Angeles and surrounding areas.

One of the most attractive things for spectators of the places where they perform is the ease with which they dance and execute choreography, which are highly contagious, fast and elegant at the same time.

This diversity of performance styles is another one of the many things that has led this orchestra to the summit. In the same way, they have participated in all kinds of festivals, congresses, concerts and much more. They also had an important participation in salsa nights at venues in Los Angeles and the Bay Area such as El Floridita, where they played with Son Y Clave every Monday, until Carlos had to leave for a while and left talented musician Johnny Polanco in charge.

They have been so popular in the last few years that they have managed to open for world famous bands such as the Rolling Stones, who counted on the talent of the orchestra to grace their performances in one of their most important tours.

All members of the Son Y Clave Orchestra
All members of the Son Y Clave Orchestra

God & Salsa and more

They have also been involved in major film projects such as ”Almost A Woman”, whose director has a long-standing friendship with Navarro. They participated in both the promotional trailer and various parts of the film, especially where there are parties and dancing.

Kaplan was so pleased with Carlos’ work in ”Almost A Woman” that she decided to contact him again to work hand in hand on a project titled ”UNO” which is based on one of the most famous Latin American TV hosts, the famous Renny Ottolina. Once again, Son Y Clave will join forces with the renowned filmmaker to put music to ”UNO”.

”Almost A Woman” had a lot of repercussion at the time, but the film for which they became known in recent years was ”God & Salsa”. Carlos Navarro himself was the main responsible for composing much of the original music that was part of the soundtrack of the film. In addition, they were also present at the filming, displaying their great talent and dedication to the audience.

Currently, Navarro has a lot of contacts, friendships and dealings with other figures and producers of the stature of classical guitarist Yalil Guerra, with whom he has participated in multiple musical projects both with his orchestra and at the production level.

He has also shared the stage with important talents in Los Angeles such as Tito Nieves, Luis Barbarán, Guillermo Canales, Ernie Valenzuela, Melissa Campos, Roosevelt Córdova, among many others.

Carlos Navarro, Luis Conte, Jorge Valmaceda, and the rest of the Siva Orchestra
Carlos Navarro, Luis Conte, Jorge Valmaceda, and the rest of the Siva Orchestra

Salsa at Hacienda El Paraíso with Los Lebron Brothers Orchestra

The house of Hacienda El Paraíso or Casa de la Sierra, was built between 1816 and 1828, by Don Victor Cabal, a cattle rancher from Bugueño and ex-mayor of Cali. On June 20, 1854 it was sold to Don Jorge Enrique Isaacs, father of the poet, in whose hands it remained until June 15, 1858.

On April 18, 1953 it was acquired by the Department of Valle del Cauca and its first restoration was carried out by the master Luis Alberto Acuña in 1954.

It was declared a National Monument on December 30, 1959. It currently holds the status of Cultural Interest of the Nation.

With Law 397 of 1997 the properties previously declared national monuments were considered as properties of cultural interest and by Law 1185 of 2008 the BIC were defined as such due to the special interest that the property has for the community throughout the national territory…” (Law 1185 of 2008, Article 5, which modifies Article 8 of Law 397 of 1997).

Los Lebron Brothers agradecidos y maravillados con Cali graban en enero de 1990 el elepé “Salsa en el Paraíso”
Los Lebron Brothers agradecidos y maravillados con Cali graban en enero de 1990 el elepé “Salsa en el Paraíso”

The Hacienda El Paraíso de Cali, setting of “María” written by Jorge Isaacs, a novel of an impossible romance and such wonderful landscapes that some Japanese decided to live in these lands just by reading the novel, landscapes that the Lebron Brothers also fell in love with.

The Lebron Brothers, grateful and amazed with Cali, recorded in January 1990 the LP “Salsa en el Paraíso” for the short-lived Cali label AstroSon Records, the hit of the album was the song “Thinking” with vocals by Luisito Ayala (RIP).

Los Lebron Brothers“ Salsa en el Paraíso”
Los Lebron Brothers“ Salsa en el Paraíso”

The Lebrón Rosa family was born with the union of Francisco Lebrón Feliciano and Julia Rosa Sosa (mother of Pablo López Rosa) in Aguadilla (Puerto Rico), where María Antonia, José, Ángel and Carlos Enrique were born. They moved to New York in 1952, where Frank was born; they were educated in a purely musical environment, the father wrote décimas and in the family most of them were musicians and played cuatro and guitar, besides singing.

Pablo Lopez, since childhood was noted for his voice, was born on June 30, 1937 in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico.

Already settled in New York, he organized a trio “Las Tres Monedas” (1954). In 1962 José and Ángel formed their first group called Los Eltones.

Pablo founded the Orquesta Arecibeña (1965). Pablo managed to get the owner of the La Vega club in Brooklyn to give them an opportunity to audition, at which time José joined the Arecibeña as a pianist. In 1966 Angel Lebron y su Combo was formed, where his brother Carlos is the pianist.

The opportunity to record came from the hand of businessman George Goldner, head of the Cotique label, thanks to the fact that he had agreed to listen to them live.

As this meeting was important, Angel and Jose asked their brother Pablo to accompany them on vocals, to take advantage of his veteran and wonderful style.

The brothers Angel, Jose, Pablo and Carlos performed two boogaloos in their own way and style. It was Goldner who suggested that they call themselves Los Hermanos Lebrón and asked them to prepare a complete album.

Frank Lebron, Dj. Augusto Felibertt y Jose Lebron
Frank Lebron, Dj. Augusto Felibertt y Jose Lebron

The album appeared in 1967 under the title Psychodelic goes latin, which included the hit Summertime blues.

Thanks to the overwhelming success of the first work, in 1968 they presented their second album, The Brooklyn Bums, name of a famous baseball team. They released nine songs with interpretations in English and Spanish.

In 1969 the productions I Believe, (Lo tuyo Llegará) and Brother, (Pancho el Loco y Fe). These hits catapulted them internationally before the Latin American public, tracing a new musical horizon.

The boogaloo began to lose ground and Los Hermanos Lebrón reflected this change by producing an album entirely in Spanish with the title Llegamos, containing the songs Mi fracaso, Tus recuerdos (a song that achieved Pablo’s recognition as a great Bolerista).

BOOM…! SALSA…..!

In the same year with the production of the album Salsa y Control, success was glimpsed giving relevance and turning the term Salsa into a worldwide social phenomenon; where the younger brother (Frank Lebrón) makes his debut.

The innovations of three chorus singers (dubbed) were present, which gave it a true seal of distinction. In the boleros, they searched for the traditional sound of the Puerto Rican trios.

Los Lebron Brothers Orchestra

You can read: Luigi Texidor el Negrito del Sabor

Founder of the Son Latino de Orlando Orchestra Carlos Rodríguez

Who is carlos Rodríguez?

We have been fortunate to talk with founder and bongo player of the Son Latino de Orlando Orchestra, Carlos Rodríguez, who started out with him thanking us for the opportunity to talk a little about the group he leads and how has the process of reaching more and more audiences been.

Founder of Son Latino De Orlando and bongo player Carlos Rodríguez
Founder of Son Latino De Orlando and bongo player Carlos Rodríguez

Rodriguez started in the world of music in the 70’s in his native Puerto Rico, where he was part of a few orchestras. His first group was Imperial Orchestra and later he played percussion with Conjunto Secas in the town of Sábana Seca, but it was not long before he created the Sabrosona Orchestra. He started making vocals with Tony Vega and very small performances until he decided to retire for a while and go to Florida.

While in the United States, he realized that his love for music was still intact and decided to form another orchestra in the city of Orlando about eight years ago, which he decided to name ”Son Latino de Orlando ”. It was Carlos himself who decided to name his group that way while he was at home one day, which was when he thought of ”Son Latino” and decided to add ”de Orlando” in honor of the place where they are living and working.

In addition to being the owner and founder, he also plays the bongo, does vocals and plays minor percussion. Another role he plays in the orchestra is to carefully select the members who will become part of his orchestra, but he confesses that he has been lucky enough to have several of the same collaborators for many years, such as Davin Rojas, Rafael Rico, Luis Soriano, Danny Rojas, Chris Torres and Kevin Figueroa (music director of the orchestra and pianist). All of them have been very important in the group’s growth in recent years from their very specific roles. If there are any changes, they are made known to the fans so that they keep it in mind.

Danny Rojas, Rafael Rico, and Luis Soriano from Son Latino de Orlando
Danny Rojas, Rafael Rico, and Luis Soriano from Son Latino de Orlando

Biggest challenges

Carlos tells us that one of the biggest challenges faced by he and his guys is that those who usually hire their services do not pay what is fair for their work. Club owners are not really interested in paying for a good orchestra that offers a quality show, so they just choose the cheapest.

One of the biggest problems they have had to face is that if contractors consider that those in charge of the orchestra are asking for a very high payment, they will always choose the group that less money demands, no matter its quality is not the best.

Rodríguez makes it clear that at no point does he criticize any colleague for this, since all musicians do what is necessary to survive and excel in the industry through the work they do. However, he thinks that club owners and managers should modify the elements relied upon by them to choose their artists, since the bigger loser is always the audience.

How to balance business affairs with the love for art and music (título 3)

”You have musicians behind you and you have to meet with them. To be able to keep your orchestra, you have to go outside to look for your events and guarantee your work” was the first thing the musician said when we asked him how he balances business with the love for music. It is he himself who is in charge of knocking on the doors of the establishments, making his proposals, waiting for calls, indicating prices, signing contracts and arranging dances. 

He also stated that it is very important to always lay out the terms of each contract so there are no unpleasant surprises such as last minute cancellations or misunderstandings.

Rodríguez performing on stage
Rodríguez performing on stage

How to balance original music with covers

”We always try to have a balance between romantic salsa, melodic salsa and hard salsa,” says Carlos. The orchestra has three singers who take turns on lead vocals depending on the type of salsa to be played, but there are mamy times when they are all combined in one song and adapt to the rhythms.

In all its performances, the orchestra sings both covers with different arrangements and original numbers. Depending on the place and the type of event, they always try to combine the music and build up a whole repertoire based on that specific audience preferences.

Opinion on new talent

On this topic, Rodriguez said that there are very talented new artists, but they must be allowed to grow and be original. ”Just because you have a middleweight name doesn’t mean you have to be arrogant and put aside humility. You have to be willing to listen and learn from the older guys in the business” said the artist.

For the bongo player, the speed of progress in this career makes many talented kids lose the north and get carried away by arrogance and the desire to know everything. He always tries to give advice to the kids who want to devote themselves to music with whom he has the opportunity to talk so that they can do their best.

The whole orchestra performing on stage
The whole orchestra performing on stage

Read also: Producer, composer, and singer D’ William tells his story

José Fajardo was a virtuoso flutist, composer, orchestra conductor and music producer

José Antonio Fajardo, in the month of November we refer to one of the greatest musicians that the island of Cuba has given in the last century; we are talking about maestro José Antonio Fajardo Ramos: flutist, composer, orchestra conductor and music producer; one of the great promoters of Cuban music represented in the rhythms of bolero, son, guaracha, mambo, chachachá and pachanga.

José Fajardo was born in Guane, province of Pinar del Río in 1919. He began his musical career as a maraquero in his father Alberto Fajardo’s orchestra, later he took up the flute.

From the age of 16 he was part of several groups such as: Joseíto Fernández, Paulina Álvarez, Melodías del 40, La Romance de René Álvarez, the orchestra of maestro Antonio María Romeu, the orchestra of pianist Luis González Valdés: “Neno” González and the orchestra of Antonio Arcaño, known as Arcaño y sus Maravillas.

José Fajardo fue un virtuoso flautista
José Fajardo fue un virtuoso flautista

After his time in these famous groups, in 1949, Fajardo created his own orchestra called Fajardo y sus Estrellas, with musicians such as: Orlando “Cachaito López”, René Fernández on piano, violinists Ignacio Berroa and Félix Reyna, who was also the composer; percussionist Jesús Esquijarrosa on timbales; Carlos Real on tumbadora and Rolando Valdés on güiro; in the vocal part he initially integrated Joseito Valdés.

In the early fifties, with the boom of chachachá in 1951, things improved a lot and the charangas orchestras began to perform in the best cabarets, aristocratic salons and private parties of high society, such as the Montmatre and Tropicana cabarets.

Fajardo became internationally known in the mid 50’s at the head of his orchestra, Fajardo y sus Estrellas, he was the first charanguero to introduce the cymbals to the timbal and the pioneer in the incorporation of the cowbell and the bongo to the charanga, his group was one of the sensations of the golden age of chachacha and pachanga.

After going into exile in the 1960s, he toured Asia, Africa, Europe and Latin America, popularizing an eminently Cuban repertoire.

Maestro José Fajardo has been one of the only musicians who have stood out in different periods of Latin music; initially in Cuba, in the 50’s with the arrival of Chachachá, later in the era of Pachanga and Boogaloo, in the sixties in the United States, and he also came to prominence in the golden era of salsa in the seventies and eighties of the last century.

In the seventies, eighties and later, the flute master recorded with Joe Quijano & His Conjunto Cachana, Tico-Alegre All Stars; Ray Barretto and Adalberto Santiago; Johnny Pacheco, Pupi, Javier Y Su Charanga; Jimmy Sabater, Orlando Contreras, Alfredo Valdés Jr, Fania All Stars, Louie Ramirez, Graciela and Mario Bauza, Israel “Cachao” Lopez, with our great Joe Arroyo in the nineties and with Hector Casanova, Mario Muñoz, Andy Gonzalez, Eddie Montalvo, Manny Oquendo, Alfredo “Chocolate” Armenteros, Carlos “Patato” Valdes, Alfredo Rodriguez and Francisco Aguabella.

After a brilliant musical career spanning more than six decades, Maestro José Antonio Fajardo passed away in New York City on December 11, 2001, leaving an enormous legacy to our culture.

José Fajardo fue un virtuoso flautista, compositor, director de orquesta y productor musical
José Fajardo fue un virtuoso flautista, compositor, director de orquesta y productor musical

The great musical contribution of this portentous son of Pinar del Rio, has highlighted him as the highest flute of Cuba and Latin America, a true ambassador of Cuban music and salsa in the world; from our beautiful page ‘Los Mejores Salseros del Mundo’ we want to highlight the enormous artistic career of maestro José Antonio Fajardo Ramos as a tribute to his wonderful musical work.

José Antonio Fajardo,  uno de los más grandes músicos que ha dado la isla de Cuba
José Antonio Fajardo,  uno de los más grandes músicos que ha dado la isla de Cuba

José Fajardo Jr.

You can read: Ángel Bonne He was part of Juan Formell’s Los Van Van Orchestra, and collaborated with the impressive Irakere band of maestro Chucho Valdés

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International Salsa Magazine (ISM) is a monthly publication covering salsa activities around the world and has been publishing since 2007. It is a worldwide network of volunteers coordinated by ISM Magazine. Together, we work to strengthen salsa events around the world.